Sex on Television Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words

Sex on Television - Essay Example Cope, and Erica Biely compare the findings of three such important studies with regard to the impact of sexual messages on television in their article "Sexual Messages on Television: Comparing Findings from Three Studies". According to them, mass media including television has an important influence on sexual socialization of young people with regard to their sexual beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. "While television is certainly not the only influence on sexual socialization, adolescents often report that they use portrayals in the media to learn sexual and romantic scripts and norms for sexual behavior. Indeed, four out of ten (40%) teens say they have gained ideas for how to talk to their boyfriend or girlfriend about sexual issues directly from media portrayals." (Kunkel, Cope, and Biely, 1999, p 230). Another important article which analyzes the influence of television on the sexual socialization of various types of individuals has been "Sexual Intercourse on Television: Do Saf e Sex Messages Matter" by Kirstie M. Farrar which maintains that "empirical research suggests that televised sexual messages affect sexual socialization not only among younger adolescents but among college-age emerging adults as well, suggesting that undergraduates are still forming their sexual scripts and thus are still vulnerable to media influence." (Farrar, 2006, p 635). Therefore, this paper undertakes a reflective analysis of these two articles to determine the pertinent influence of television on the sexual socialization of individuals. In their article "Sexual Messages on Television: Comparing Findings from Three Studies", Dale Kunkel, Kristie M. Cope, and Erica Biely compare the findings of three important studies with regard to the impact of sexual messages on television on the sexual socialization of individuals. They purport that there is a mounting body of evidence documenting the possible effects of sexual content on television which suggests the positive and negative aspects of sex on television. Thus, there are empirical research evidences indicating correlations between sex on television and the early initiation of sexual intercourse by adolescents, and connection between heavy television viewing and the negative attitudes toward remaining a virgin. According to the article which presents a summary of three independent studies of sexual content on television, media effects research clearly suggests that television portrayals contribute to sexual socialization. The authors of the article maintain that it is important to identify the prevailing patterns used for presenting sexual messages on television as television is an important source of information about sex. The findings of the study, which maintains that sexual content is a common aspect of the overall television landscape, have great implication with regard to determining the influence of sex on television on the sexual socialization of individuals. "Portrayals of talk about sex, as well as sexually-related behaviors, are a potential source of socialization for most young viewers. Although most sexual behaviors shown on television are relatively modest, intercourse is frequently included. Collectively, these sexual messages provide an opportunity for the television industry to communicate an important and realistic view of the true risks associated with

Differentiates Developmental Theory and Rudimentary Theory Essay

Differentiates Developmental Theory and Rudimentary Theory - Essay Example When action research findings are shared; they increase the interrelation between theoretic research and practice. The rapport between the two differentiates developmental theory and rudimentary theory thus publishing action research transforms information into application knowledge. More so, publishing an action research encourages other people to undertake similar researchers in the same or other areas, thus widening the knowledge application base. Publishing also widens the understanding of local readers of facts that they may consider palpable yet they affect their lives in a colossal way. Findings from an action research can be shared through data enclaves. This involves putting related findings in small groups called enclaves and allowing access for the people who consume such data. Data enclaves help in sharing findings and keeping them confidential before publishing. In case the findings of a research are confidential, they may be shared through remote execution systems. The findings are put in highly protected areas so that any request for secondary research in the area are submitted on the system. Findings of an action research may also be shared conventionally while limiting the level of access to such data. Top-coding is a technique of limiting the maximum number of people allowed access to certain findings, for example, 1-35000. Conversely, while sharing this information, discretion should be prioritized. Confidentiality can be maintained through de-identification and ensuring the people providing information remain anonymous. In the field of medicine, findings from field and laboratory researchers are shared through peer-reviewed journals. A peer-reviewed journal is basically a report with details of the features that the scientists observe in the experiments and their conclusions basing on such observations and medical/ scientific theory.

Reasons for Government Involvement in Tourism

Reasons for Government Involvement in Tourism What is tourism? Tourism can be defined in more than one way. Conceptually, it refers to the ideas and opinions people hold which shape their decisions about going on trips, about where to go, and what to do (Leiper 1995). Technically, it refers to the activities of the persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, health, business and other purposes (Leiper 1990, Pearce 1989). From the sociological point of view, tourism also refers to commercialized hospitality, democratized travel, a modern variety of the traditional pilgrimage, and an expression of basic cultural themes (Cohen 1984). However, the most significant form of tourism is its relations with the economic development of a country. In many countries, tourism is an economic activity which consumes a large part of its natural resources, generates revenue of billions of dollars every year and involving thousands of stakeholders and the general pu blic. As a result, it is one of the most important responsibilities of the government as to the planning, facilitating, coordinating, monitoring and protecting of tourism of that country. The World Tourism Organization (WTO) has conducted an examination on the involvement of the governments in tourism. According to Richardson Fluker (2004), a government has the responsibilities of establishing the framework of tourism, constructing infrastructure and communications; promoting the tourist destinations to the visitors, providing legislations, regulations and controls for tourism and the protecting the interests of the stakeholders. As Accrcnza (1985) pointed out there are basic stages in tourism planning which required the involvement of the government. They are analysis of previous tourism development, evaluation of the present position of tourism, formulation of tourism policy, definition of development strategy and elaboration of an action programme. All these require large amount of manpower and resources which are impossible for private sectors to manage. For instance, in establishing the framework of tourism, a functioning tourism system is identified which might affect governments decision on tourists destinations. Two major major force, demand (marketers) and supply (development), are to be considered in this respect. While the demand side is tourists who are going to the destinations, the supply side is related to the land and the geographic characteristics of the destinations (Gunn 1993). In addition, the supply side also made up of five major components, the attraction; transportation; services; info rmation and promotion. The attraction is the most powerful element as it helps to encourage and increase the desire of the tourists to visit the area. However, to develop the attraction, it may also involve the considerations of such external factors as the natural resources and the cultural resources. The natural resources provide the foundation for tourism development which preferred by tourist, such as water life; vegetative cover; wildlife; topography, soils, geology and climate, atmosphere. The Cultural resources are important for attractions developed as historic; ethnic national, craft and related economic development. As a result it may require the government to win the support of the community regarding the development of these destinations as the community is a significant factor on the functioning of tourism. Its acceptance and willingness to support tourism industries would greatly facilitate the long term development of the sites. Transportation which enable tourist to travel to different destinations; and services and information such as shops, banks and restaurants; are two other components of the supply side. As Gunn (1993) pointed out it was the responsibility of the government to create new and improve physical plants such as superstructure and infrastructure. Superstructure refers to the land and building developments used directly by travelers, such as hotels, restaurants and attractions. Infrastructure is applied to necessary support developments, such as roads, airports, water supply and fire protection. These public facilities have to be provided by the government so as to promote the growth of tourism. In addition, (Gee, Dexrer James 1984) physical development of tourism is made up a great diversity for business, government, and nonprofit components, such as direct provider, include transportation, travel agencies and restaurant; the support services which are tour organizers, management; and the developmental organization include planners and government agencies. Regarding the promotion of the tourist industry which helps to increase tourist to visit that area, government agencies have an important role as the promoter in this industry. Advertising in mass media and internet is very important in promoting and stimulating travel to the destinations. Familiarization tours and travel shows can provide information and attract tourist to visit that destination. Moreover, if they are organized by the government, they will become promises with reputation and will increase the numbers of the visitors significantly. Tourism product such as parks, historic sites or convention centers can increase the tourist flow, but these attraction products must be aware as a promised. If tourists discover the destination is not the same as its promise, it may affect the number of tourist who willing to come to the destination (Gunn 1993, Pearce 1989). Therefore, management of these tourism products has to be carefully supervised and monitored. Management is to make institutions capable of producing result (Drucker 1998). According to Richardson Fluker (2004), the management method which adopted by the WTO are the consulting with various stakeholders through meetings with industry, advisory groups and the general public The aim of these meetings is to discuss specific subjects such as strategic planning; issues on tourism industry such as promotions and regulations; setting up and funding of specialized tourism agencies which help to develop the tourism industry, and providing facilities and operations in ord er to provide money or facilities for national or communities interest. Moreover the meetings are also about creating the appropriate fiscal, regulatory and social environment within private business; and adjudicating between conflicting interest on society which are concerned with the environment, recreation and wildlife recourses. As we can see, management is also related to the protection on destinations interest. It is very important in tourism industry. Decision-making through managerial perceptions and the objective dimensions of tourism industry structure influence the natural environmental resources. The tourism resorts and its environment are necessary for survival and growth. The strategic managers have the most responsibility to that environment. As a result, the planning process in tactical (short-term) and strategic (long term) has to be carefully considered and monitored as it can improve the tourism industry performance and allow an effective response to a continually changing environment (Knowles, Dianmantis El-Mourhabi 2004). All in all, the development of tourism of one country is closely related to the policies of that government. According to Richardson Fluker (2004), policy is a course of action adopted and pursued by a government, expressed as a broad statement of general intent which guides the actions of public servants and others in carrying out the governments wishes. In other words, only the government has the power to command (including by legislature) such an enormous resources to develop strategy which matches the demand and supply factors such as an evaluation of tourist and market resources; the visitor satisfaction; environmental protection and adequate rewards for developers and investors. In conclusion, the government plays an important role in the tourism industry. Government agencies have to provide legislations, regulations and controls for tourism in order to ensure its tourism industry can sustain its level and compete with other tourist destination. They have to establish a framework which ensures its tactical and strategic in the attractiveness within the tourist destination in order to increase the amount of tourist visitation. The protection of interest is another important factor of the destination area needed to be considered too. If the attractiveness of its destination decline, it will affect the numbers of tourists who are willing to visit. As a result, to maintain a stable attractive in tourist destination, a new destination may have to be explored or artificial attract resources may be needed. Government agencies have to be concerned with the acceptance in the society whether they welcome or in conflict with the tourist interests. Government agencies need to make a good balance between two important factors. The promotion on tourist destinations helps its national economic and attraction competitiveness around the world. Tourists who are attracted by the promotion will come to visit instead of other places, so that the national economics will increase. However, if the destination doesnt match with what the government agencies promote, the national reputation may decline. As a matter of fact, government agencies play an important role in the tourism industry as the planner, coordinator, legislator and regulator, stimulator, promoter and protector of the destination interest.

Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers fc

Scarlet Letter In Hawthorne’s, The Scarlet Letter, life evolves around a rigid and harsh Puritan view. In this society people are not free to express themselves as well as they are today. This is very sad because it is a necessity for humans to be able to express their deepest thoughts and desires. Unfortunately the Puritan society did not permit this so people had to find other ways to satisfy their needs. For two of these characters the satisfying of their urges condemn their fate in life. Hester and Dimmesdale, a reverend, have an affair, which costs Hester life, as she knew it. The only place where these two people were free was in the confinements of the forest. As much as freedom and confinement is a paradox it makes perfect sense. You will gain the freedom of expression in the confinement of that expression. The forest was the only place this could be accomplished. The forest was Hester and Dimmesdale’s sanctuary throughout the novel because they could freely com municate their love, their sin, and their future plans. Being able to confess to someone a sin you have committed is one of the finest feelings. The forest provided that ability to Hester and Dimmesdale. At one point Hester comes right out and brings up the committed sin. â€Å"What we did had a consecration of its own. We felt it so!† (pg. 179) When Dimmesdale first hears this bold statement he is somewhat distraught and tells Hester to â€Å"Hush!† and then he realizes the freedom they have. â€Å" May God forgive us both! We are not†¦the worst sinners in the world.† (pg. 179) There is no way that Dimmesdale would have become this bold if he were in spectacle of the Puritan society. Once again a warm blanket that the forest lay upon Hester and Dimmesdale. It is apparent that there is a mutual love between Hester and Dimmesdale. Although there are very few quotes which will directly state this fact there are many that will allude to this obvious fact. At o ne point Hester begs for Dimmesdale’s forgiveness and he grants it to her. I don’t think he grants it to her because of his religious beliefs but because he loves Hester. I also don’t believe that Hester would be so worried about Dimmesdale’s forgiveness if she did not love him. â€Å" ‘Though shalt forgive me! Though shalt forgive†¦ Will though yet forgive me?

Economy and Critical Thinking Essay

1. The purpose of antitrust policy is to promote __competition among firms_____, which leads to lower __price for customers______. Explain why this is so? The purpose of antitrust policy is to promote competition, which leads to lower prices. If a company had the power of price control that comes with being a monopoly, they would profit by picking the quantity/price that equals the highest revenue for their company. This would be likely a lower quantity and higher price than would prevail if there was competition. Combining operations could lead to greater efficiency. Cost savings could come by combining HR or accounting depts. The main problem with cost savings is that a monopoly does not have the pressure to operate efficiently. 2. Assume a healthy baseball pitcher is worth $5 million per year to his team, compared to only $1 million for an unhealthy one. According to a baseball executive, â€Å"If my assumptions are correct, our team is willing to pay a maximum of $3 million for a pitcher in the free-agent market.† What are the executive’s assumptions? Are these assumptions realistic? The executive is assuming that there is asymmetric information out there about certain pitchers, meaning that the team that is â€Å"selling† the players has more information on his health than the uninformed buyer, the executive. So a reasonable assumption is that the executive will split the difference in the mixed market and pay the average, which is $3 million. The executive does have realistic assumptions, simply for the fact that he has asymmetric information, and is not fully notified of the players’ injury status. 3. Imperfect information can go both ways. What are some examples (your own, not from the text) of market situations in which the seller has more information than the buyer and some examples in which the buyer has more information than the seller? One example where the seller knows more than the buyer would be when you are purchasing a house, the buyer does not know if there are any problems with the foundation or roofing or if all the appliances work well or will continue to work well. The seller does know, because they have lived there long enough to know what is in good shape and what is in bad shape on the  house. An example of the buyer knowing more than the seller is in the antique market, because the buyer may know more history about what they are buying than the seller. The seller may not have put as much time into researching the products. 4. Critical Thinking: All states, of which I am aware, require automobile owners to insure their vehicle. Yet, studies show that having insurance actually increases the likelihood of an accident and increases the likelihood of a car / bicycle accident. Discuss why this is so. Who is protected and who is harmed by required automobile insurance? The reason that having insurance increases the likelihood of an accident is due to the moral hazard associated with car insurance. This is a situation in which one side of an economic relationship takes undesirable or costly actions that the other side cannot observe. For instance, Mary’s car insurance company doesn’t know that she occasionally texts while driving because they can’t physically see her driving. Mary does this because she assumes that if anything happens, she is insured and she will be able to financially cover the costs of any accident. It takes the responsibility off of Mary (slightly) and puts it on the insurance company which makes Mary act more recklessly. The person driving the vehicle is somewhat more protected because of insurance. They are able to financially cover losses to other drivers due to their negligence and risk taking. However, the other drivers on the road and the pedestrians that may be out walking are harmed by this added moral hazard because, let’s face it, all the insurance in the world won’t bring someone back if Mary is texting and driving and kills them.

Ar 670-1 – Essay 5

?AR 670-1 There are many army regulations dealing with the army but the one that I am going to talk about today is army regulation 670-1. What is army regulation 670-1 covering in the United states army? Army Regulation 670-1 deals with the wear and appearance of military uniforms for my paper I will recite the way a person is supposed to wear their uniform in army text and then tell you what it means in my own words. Starting with the parts that deals with the reason I am writing this report right now. AR 670-1 starts off with Part 1 which is General information and responsibilities. Part one is made up of 19 sections they are listed as followed: †¢1–1. Purpose †¢1–2. References †¢1–3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms †¢1–4. General †¢1–5. How to recommend changes to Army uniforms †¢1–6. Classification of service and utility or field uniforms †¢1–7. Personal appearance policies †¢1–8. Hair and fingernail standards and grooming policies †¢1–9. Uniform appearance and fit †¢1–10. When the wear of the Army uniform is required or prohibited †¢1–11. Uniformity of material †¢1–12. Distinctive uniforms and uniform items †¢1–13. Wear of civilian clothing †¢1–14. Wear of jewelry †¢1–15. Wear of eyeglasses, sunglasses, and contact lenses 1–16. Wear of identification tags and security badges †¢1–17. Wear of personal protective or reflective clothing †¢1–18. Wear of organizational protective or reflective clothing †¢1–19. Restrictions on the purchase, possession, and reproduction of heraldic items Being that I am a female in the united states army not all of the regulation applies to me. For instance I am not a guy so I don't have to worry about how to keep my mustache trimmed or well groomed but that doesn't mean that I should not know these things because when I do become an NCO I will have soldiers that are male that I need to keep squared away. But since I am writing this paper on myself and AR 670-1 I will us write the stuff that relates to my punishment and to me. Starting with 1-1. 1-1 is written as follows: 1–1. Purpose This regulation prescribes the authorization for wear, composition, and classification of uniforms, and the occasions for wearing all personal (clothing bag issue), optional, and commonly worn organizational Army uniforms. It also prescribes the awards, insignia, and accouterments authorized for wear on the uniform, and how these items are worn. General information is also provided on the authorized material, design, and uniform quality control system. This paragraph named purpose states that AR 670-1 tells you the way you should wear, put together, and how the uniform should look when you have it on. It goes on to say that the way that the army or the unit wears their uniform should not be changed but put together in an organized group. It also talks about awards, insignia,and what is allowed whe n it comes to the material used the way the uniform is designed and how they should be worn at all times. With the soldiers in the same uniform the army has system control. The next section 1-2 is written as followed: 1–2. References Required and related publications are listed in appendix A. In this section of AR 670-1 it just tells us that if we need to see the publications that they are listed in the back of the book. The next section to look at is 1-3: 1–3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms Abbreviations and special terms used in this regulation are explained in the glossary. ?This section states that all abbreviated items throughout AR 670-1 will be in the back of the glossary. 1–4. General a. Only uniforms, accessories, and insignia prescribed in this regulation or in the common tables of allowance (CTA), or as approved by Headquarters, Department of the Army (HQDA), will be worn by personnel in the US Army. Unless specified in this regulation, the commander issuing the clothing and equipment will establish wear policies for organizational clothing and equipment. No item governed by this regulation will be altered in any way that changes the basic design or the intended concept of fit as described in TM 10–227 and AR 700–84, including plating, smoothing, or removing detail features of metal items, or otherwise altering the color or appearance. All illustrations in this regulation should coincide with the text. The written description will control any inconsistencies between the text and the illustration. b. AR 70–1 prescribes Department of the Army (DA) policies, responsibilities, and administrative procedures by which all clothing and individual equipment used by Army personnel are initiated, designed, developed, tested, approved, fielded, and modified. c. AR 385–10 prescribes DA policies, responsibilities, and administrative procedures and funding for protective clothing and equipment. d. In accordance with chapter 45, section 771, title 10, United States Code (10 USC 771), no person except a member of the US Army may wear the uniform, or a distinctive part of the uniform of the US Army unless otherwise authorized by law. Additionally, no person except a member of the US Army may wear a uniform, any part of which is similar to a distinctive part of the US Army uniform. This includes the distinctive uniforms and uniform items listed in paragraph 1–12 of this regulation. Further, soldiers are not authorized to wear distinctive uniforms or uniform items of the US Army or of other US Services with, or on civilian clothes, except as provided in chapters 27 through 30 of this regulation. This part states that only uniforms that are authorized by the CTA and HQDA will be allowed to be worn by the units in that military. But at the same time the commander that authorizes your clothing can tell you what to wear and what not to wear on it. For instance, when we were down range and the battalion commander told us that we we only allowed to wear the 172nd patch so we could be in unison and so that people could know who we deployed with he had the right to do that. But the commander could not go out of the regulations of AR 670-1. So if the commander decided to change the design of the flight vest because it looks cool and it is the way he wanted to look hat is against AR670-1 the commander can only add to the regulation but cannot take away from it. This section also states that only a person from The united sates army can wear the uniform that the military issues out. This section is stating that if I have a uniform and I don't want it and my brother does I cannot give it to him because it is property of the united states army and he is not. Also if I have a pair of ACU trousers and the knees are worn i n them I am not allowed to cut them off and wear them as civilian attire. 1–5. How to recommend changes to Army uniforms a. Army Ideas For Excellence Program (AIEP). If a major Army command (MACOM) recommends approval of an AIEP suggestion, the recommendation will be forwarded to the Project Manager-Soldier Systems (SEQ), Bldg. 328, 5901 Putnam Road, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060–5852, for consideration. Each suggestion forwarded to the project manager will reflect the MACOM position; contain all appropriate supporting documentation; and be signed by the commander, deputy commander, chief of staff, or comparable level official. Suggestions not recommended for adoption at any level will not be forwarded to PM-Soldier. Suggestions forwarded without a MACOM position will be returned to the MACOM for action. b. General comments and suggestions. Comments and suggestions regarding the policy, criteria, and administrative instructions concerning individual military decorations, the Good Conduct Medal, service medals and service ribbons, combat and special skill badges and tabs, and unit decorations will be processed in accordance with AR 600–8–22. This section talks about how to go about making changes to an army uniform. The only ways you can go about making changes to the uniform is if a major Army command entrust approval of the change suggested. Then it will then go to the project manager-soldier system to get looked at to see if they will consider the change. They will then get all documents or paperwork that supports the reason they recommended the change. But if it was not recommended on any level of the chain then to the PM-Soldier. The second part of 1-5 talks about General comments and suggestions regarding policy, criteria, and administrative instructions concerning ertain people such as the good conduct medal, service medals and ribbons, combat badges and special skill badges and tabs and unit decorations but they will be worn only by and in a manner that comply with the rules standards or laws of army regulation 600-8-22. 1–6. Classification of service and utility or field uniforms a. The male class A service uniform consists of the Army green (AG) coat and trousers, a short-or lon g-sleeved AG shade 415 shirt with a black four-in-hand tie, and other authorized accessories. b. The male class B service uniform is the same as class A, except the service coat is not worn. The black four-in-hand tie is required with the long-sleeved AG shade 415 shirt when the long-sleeved shirt is worn without the class A coat, as an outer garment; the tie is optional with the short-sleeved shirt. c. The female class A service uniform consists of the Army green coat and skirt or slacks, a short-or long-sleeved AG shade 415 shirt with a black neck tab, and other authorized accessories. The Army green maternity uniform (slacks or skirt) is also classified as a class A service uniform when the tunic is worn. When the tunic is worn, females will wear the neck tab with both the short- and long-sleeved maternity shirts. d. The female class B service uniform is the same as the class A, except that neither the service coat nor the maternity tunic are worn. The black neck tab is required only when wearing the long-sleeved AG shade 415 shirt or the long-sleeved maternity shirt without the class A coat or tunic; the neck tab is optional with the short-sleeved version of both shirts. e. Class C uniforms are the utility, field, hospital duty, food service, and other organizational uniforms. F. See the table of prescribed dress in appendix B. This section talks about the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics of service and utility field uniforms. But since I am a female I will only break down the portion that relates to me. So with that said I will break down sections C, D, and E. Section C talks about the class A's service uniforms. The service class a uniforms for females have the Army green coat and skirt or pants. Short and long sleeve light green shirts and a tunic which is a neck piece is worn. The female just like the males also have class B service uniforms. The class A's and the class B's don't really differ from each other. The only difference is that the female wears the tunic or neck piece with the long sleeve or short sleeve maternity shirts without the jacket or coat to go with it. Another difference is that with the class B's the neck tab is only worn with the long sleeve shirt and not the short sleeve one. And last the class C uniform is the uniform that you wear on a daily basis for work. Whether it is the utility, field, hospital duty, food service, and other uniforms that is used by the unit. –7. Personal appearance policies a. General. The Army is a uniformed service where discipline is judged, in part, by the manner in which a soldier wears a prescribed uniform, as well as by the individual’s personal appearance. Therefore, a neat and well-groomed appearance by all soldiers is fundamental to the Army and contributes to building the pride and esp rit essential to an effective military force. A vital ingredient of the Army’s strength and military effectiveness is the pride and self-discipline that American soldiers bring to their Service through a conservative military image. It is the responsibility of commanders to ensure that military personnel under their command present a neat and soldierly appearance. Therefore, in the absence of specific procedures or guidelines, commanders must determine a soldier’s compliance with standards in this regulation. Soldiers must take pride in their appearance at all times, in or out of uniform, on and off duty. Pride in appearance includes soldiers’ physical fitness and adherence to acceptable weight standards, in accordance with AR 600–9. b. Exceptions to appearance standards based on religious practices. 1) As provided by AR 600–20, paragraph 5–6, and subject to temporary revocation because of health, safety, or mission requirements, the following applies to the wear of religious apparel, articles, or jewelry. The term â€Å"religious apparel† is defined as articles of clothing worn as part of the observance of the religious faith practiced by the soldier. Religious articles include, but are not limited to, medallions, small booklets, pictures, or copies of religious symbols or writing carried by the individual in wallets or pockets. Except as noted below, personnel may not wear religious items if they do not meet the standards of this regulation, and requests for accommodation will not be entertained (see AR 600–20, para 5–6g(2)(d)). (a) Soldiers may wear religious apparel, articles, or jewelry with the uniform, to include the physical fitness uniform, if they are neat, conservative, and discreet. â€Å"Neat conservative, and discreet† is defined as meeting the uniform criteria of this regulation. In other words, when religious jewelry is worn, the uniform must meet the same standards of wear as if the religious jewelry were not worn. For example, a religious item worn on a chain may not be visible when worn with the utility, service, dress, or mess uniforms. When worn with the physical fitness uniform, the item should be no more visible than identification (ID) tags would be in the same uniform. The width of chains worn with religious items should be approximately the same size as the width of the ID tag chain. (b) Soldiers may not wear these items when doing so would interfere with the performance of their duties or present a safety concern. Soldiers may not be prohibited, however, from wearing religious apparel, articles, or jewelry meeting the criteria of this regulation simply because they are religious in nature, if wear is permitted of similar items of a nonreligious nature. A specific example would be wearing a ring with a religious symbol. If the ring meets the uniform standards for jewelry and is not worn in a work area where rings are prohibited because of safety concerns, then wear is allowed and may not be prohibited simply because the ring bears a religious symbol. c) During a worship service, rite, or ritual, soldiers may wear visible or apparent religious articles, symbols, jewelry, and apparel that do not meet normal uniform standards. Commanders, however, may place reasonable limits on the wear of non-subdued items of religious apparel during worship services, rites, or rituals conducted in the field for operational or safety reasons. When soldiers in uniform wear visible religious articles on such occasi ons, they must ensure that these articles are not permanently affixed or appended to any prescribed article of the uniform. d) Chaplains may wear religious attire as described in this regulation, CTA 50–909, and AR 165–1 in the performance of religious services and other official duties, as required. Commanders may not prohibit chaplains from wearing religious symbols that are part of the chaplain’s duty uniform. (See AR 600–20, para 5–6g(7). ) (2) Soldiers may wear religious headgear while in uniform if the headgear meets the following criteria. (a) It must be subdued in color (black, brown, green, dark or navy blue, or a combination of these colors). b) It must be of a style and size that can be completely covered by standard military headgear, and it cannot interfere with the proper wear or functioning of protective clothing or equipment. (c) The headgear cannot bear any writing, symbols, or pictures. (d) Personnel will not wear religious headge ar in place of military headgear when military headgear is required (Outdoors, or indoors when required for duties or ceremonies). (3) Personal grooming. Hair and grooming practices are governed by paragraph 1–8 of this regulation, and exceptions or accommodations based on religious practices will not be granted. As an exception, policy exceptions based on religious practice given to soldiers in accordance with AR 600–20 on or prior to 1 January 1986 remain in effect as long as the soldier remains otherwise qualified for retention. 1-7 is the way a person dresses in their uniform. Its their personal appearance. this section states that the army is judge based on the amount of discipline the manner and the way a soldier wears his or her owned uniform. And by the way a soldier looks in their uniform or their personal appearance. This is why a soldier should take pride in the way they look every morning. o matter how bad they feels when they are getting dressed in the morning. A soldier should always have on a clean uniform on and conducts good personal hygiene. Their uniform should not be hanging off of them or too tight. their hair should remain neatly done for females and for males should always be cut to standards. But that isn't the only thing that a female and males have to maintain in the united states military. Males and females have to maintain their weight at all times. Soldiers should always maintain a well groomed appearance because they never know who is watching them. Soldiers should maintain their military appearance whether they are in or out of uniform. When a soldier maintains their physical appearance and takes pride in the way that they look it not only makes them feel better about themselves as a soldier but it also shows that they take pride in their unit and also show the self discipline that was embedded in them. The commanders job is to make sure that as a soldier it is they have a neat and presentable appearance at all time. Soldiers can also wear jewelry but only under certain terms and conditions such as if it is a part of their religious beliefs. Religious apparel for the army is listed as such medallions, small booklets such as bibles, pictures, or copies of religious symbols or writing carried by the individual in wallets or pockets such as verses from a bible, or hyms from a religious song book and etc. but if the jewelry or religious items do not meet the standards of the army regulations they can not wear them. Take me for example, i work on weapons and say if i have a ring on that had a cross on it i could not wear it because with my job if i was to work on a weapon with the ring on and the ring gets snagged on the bolt of a 50 cal. s i go to charge it and i release the handle from the ring being snagged on the handle when i let go of it my finger could be ripped off. Any religious apparel that when worn can put your life at harm or threaten your ability to work can not be worn in the uniform according to the army regulation. Another example of an improper religious apparel that cannot be worn while in uniform is t-shir ts. Say that I have this t-shirt that has a picture of god on it and I wear it every sunday to church I would not be able to wear it in uniform because it could make my uniform look bulky and stick out. The shirt could stick out over or away from under my ACU top. It could make my uniform a little more form fitting then it should be and it would look bad on the unit if I was to present myself in public like that. So us to show you a couple of examples of why not all religious apparel cannot be worn in military uniform. Another thing to add to the the wear of jewelry in the united states military and it also includes the physical fitness uniform is if they are neat, conservative, and discreet. Meaning dressing the way that the army regulation wants you to dress. There are yet some jewelry that you can not wear while you are in the army such as stomach piercings also known as abdomen piercings, nipple piercings, ear piercings while you are in uniform and if you are a guy no piercings in your ear at all, facial piercings such as lip rings, tongue rings, noise rings, no piercings that start from the bottom of your ear and go to the top of your ear if you are a female you are only allowed to have one hole in your ear and thats it. 1–8. Hair and fingernail standards and grooming policies a. Hair. (1) General. The requirement for hair grooming standards is necessary to maintain uniformity within a military population. Many hairstyles are acceptable, as long as they are neat and conservative. It is not possible to address every acceptable hairstyle, or what constitutes eccentric or conservative grooming. Therefore, it is the responsibility of leaders at all levels to exercise good judgment in the enforcement of Army policy. All soldiers will comply with the hair, fingernail, and grooming policies while in any military uniform or while in civilian clothes on duty. a) Leaders will judge the appropriateness of a particular hairstyle by the appearance of headgear when worn. Soldiers will wear headgear as described in the applicable chapters of this regulation. Headgear will fit snugly and comfortably, without distortion or excessive gaps. Hairstyles that do not allow soldiers to wear the headgear properly, or that interfere with the proper wear of the protective mask or other protective equipme nt, are prohibited. (b) Extreme, eccentric, or trendy haircuts or hairstyles are not authorized. If soldiers use dyes, tints, or bleaches, they must choose those that result in natural hair colors. Colors that detract from a professional military appearance are prohibited. Therefore, soldiers should avoid using colors that result in an extreme appearance. Applied hair colors that are prohibited include, but are not limited to, purple, blue, pink, green, orange, bright (fire-engine) red, and fluorescent or neon colors. It is the responsibility of leaders to use good judgment in determining if applied colors are acceptable, based upon the overall effect on soldiers’ appearance. (c) Soldiers who have a texture of hair that does not part naturally may cut a part into the hair. The part will be one straight line, not slanted or curved, and will fall in the area where the soldier would normally part the hair. Soldiers will not cut designs into their hair or scalp. (2) Male haircuts will conform to the following standards. (a) The hair on top of the head must be neatly groomed. The length and bulk of the hair may not be excessive or present a ragged, unkempt, or extreme appearance. The hair must present a tapered appearance. A tapered appearance is one where the outline of the soldier’s hair conforms to the shape of the head, curving inward to the natural termination point at the base of the neck. When the hair is combed, it will not fall over the ears or eyebrows, or touch the collar, except for the closely cut hair at the back of the neck. The block-cut fullness in the back is permitted to a moderate degree, as long as the tapered look is maintained. In all cases, the bulk or length of hair may not interfere with the normal wear of headgear (see para 1–8a(1)(a), above) or protective masks or equipment. Males are not authorized to wear braids, cornrows, or dreadlocks (unkempt, twisted, matted, individual parts of hair) while in uniform or in civilian clothes on duty. Hair that is clipped closely or shaved to the scalp is authorized. b) Males will keep sideburns neatly trimmed. Sideburns may not be flared; the base of the sideburn will be a clean-shaven, horizontal line. Sideburns will not extend below the lowest part of the exterior ear opening. (c) Males will keep their face clean-shaven when in uniform or in civilian clothes on duty. Mustaches are permitted; if worn, males will keep mustaches neatly trimmed, tapered, and tidy. Mustaches will not present a chopped off or bushy appearance, and no portion of the mustache will cover the upper lip line or extend sideways beyond a vertical line drawn upward from the corners of the mouth (see figure 1–1). Handlebar mustaches, goatees, and beards are not authorized. If appropriate medical authority prescribes beard growth, the length required for medical treatment must be specified. For example, â€Å"The length of the beard will not exceed 1? 4 inch† (see TB MED 287). Soldiers will keep the growth trimmed to the level specified by appropriate medical authority, but they are not authorized to shape the growth into goatees, or â€Å"Fu Manchu† or handlebar mustaches. d) Males are prohibited from wearing wigs or hairpieces while in uniform or in civilian clothes on duty, except to cover natural baldness or physical disfiguration caused by accident or medical procedure. When worn, wigs or hairpieces will conform to the standard haircut criteria as stated in 1–8a(2)(a), above. (3) Female haircuts will conform to the following standards. (a) Females will ensure their hair is neatly groomed, that the length and bulk of the hair are not excessive, and that the hair does n ot present a ragged, unkempt, or extreme appearance. Likewise, trendy styles that result in shaved portions of the scalp (other than the neckline) or designs cut into the hair are prohibited. Females may wear braids and cornrows as long as the braided style is conservative, the braids and cornrows lie snugly on the head, and any hair-holding devices comply with the standards in 1–8a(3)(d) below. Dreadlocks (unkempt, twisted, matted individual parts of hair) are prohibited in uniform or in civilian clothes on duty. Hair will not fall over the eyebrows or extend below the bottom edge of the collar at any time uring normal activity or when standing in formation. Long hair that falls naturally below the bottom edge of the collar, to include braids, will be neatly and inconspicuously fastened or pinned, Section 1-8 basically is explains the way a male and females nails hair make-up and facial hair should be. For a female their hair cannot touch their collar and can be only one color. And that one color that they have can only be a na tural color such as blonde, brown, and auburn color which is a reddish color and black. Any other color that isn't any one of those colors are not authorized in the united states army. Make-up for a girl can only be a natural color. Like the color of their skin or if it looks natural the female soldier is allowed to wear it. But some exceptions are made for females when it comes to their ma-up. For instance a female can have eyeliner on if it is a permeant thing so if a female went to the tattoo polar and got black ink tattooed on her in the place of eyeliner it is excepted in the army as long as it looks presentable. Nails on a female cannot have an off the wall color her nails can only be a natural color such as white manicured nails or clear as long as it looks natural. Also A females nails can only be a fourth of an inch long past the tip of her finger tips. The last section I am going to do is paragraph 1-14. Paragraph 1-14 reads as follows according to the army regulations 670-1: 1–14. Wear of jewelry a. Soldiers may wear a wristwatch, a wrist identification bracelet, and a total of two rings (a wedding set is considered one ring) with Army uniforms, unless prohibited by the commander for safety or health reasons. Any jewelry soldiers wear must be conservative and in good taste. Identification bracelets are limited to medical alert bracelets and MIA/POW identification bracelets. Soldiers may wear only one item on each wrist. b. No jewelry, other than that described in paragraph 1–14a, above, will appear exposed while wearing the uniform; this includes watch chains, or similar items, and pens and pencils. The only authorized exceptions are religious items described in para 1–7b, above; a conservative tie tack or tie clasp that male soldiers may wear with the black four-in-hand necktie; and a pen or pencil that may appear exposed on the hospital duty, food service, CVC, r flight uniforms. c. Body piercing. When on any Army installation or other places under Army control, soldiers may not attach, affix, or display objects, articles, jewelry, or ornamentation to or through the skin while they are in uniform, in civilian clothes on duty, or in civilian clothes off duty (this includes earrings for male soldiers). The only exception is for female sold iers, as indicated in paragraph 1–14d, below. (The term â€Å"skin† is not confined to external skin, but includes the tongue, lips, inside the mouth, and other surfaces of the body not readily visible. ) d. Females are authorized to wear prescribed earrings with the service, dress, and mess uniforms. (1) Earrings may be screw-on, clip-on, or post-type earrings, in gold, silver, white pearl, or diamond. The earrings will not exceed 6 mm or 1? 4 inch in diameter, and they must be unadorned and spherical. When worn, the earrings will fit snugly against the ear. Females may wear earrings only as a matched pair, with only one earring per ear lobe. (2) Females are not authorized to wear earrings with any class C (utility) uniform (BDU, hospital duty, food service, physical fitness, field, or organizational). 3) When on duty in civilian attire, female soldiers must comply with the specifications listed in (1) above when wearing earrings, unless otherwise authorized by the commander. When females are off duty, there are no restrictions on the wear of earrings. e. Ankle bracelets, necklaces (other than those described in para 1–7b), faddish (trendy) devices, medallions, amulets, and perso nal talismans or icons are not authorized for wear in any military uniform, or in civilian clothes on duty.